Broadband Antenna Operating in Sub 6GHz Frequency for Long Range 5G Communication

Abstract

A novel broadband antenna designed for long-range 5G communication in the sub-6GHz frequency band is presented. Through rigorous optimization and simulation, the antenna achieved high gain, low side-lobe levels, and uniform radiation patterns. Experimental validation confirms its efficacy, offering a compact and robust solution for advancing global connectivity in next-generation wireless networks

Introduction

I. INTRODUCTION

The evolution of wireless communication, particularly with the emergence of 5G technology, has transformed how in- formation is transmitted. 5G offers unparalleled data speeds, minimal latency, and the ability to connect numerous devices, revolutionizing businesses, enhancing customer experiences, and enabling advancements like autonomous systems and the Internet of Things (IoT). However, to fully utilize 5G, a critical component is essential: a broadband antenna capable of long- range communication in the sub- 6GHz frequency range. 5G communication utilizes various frequency bands, including sub-6GHz, crucial for extensive coverage due to its superior ability to penetrate obstacles. Designing a broadband antenna that efficiently operates in this spectrum is a complex task, requiring a careful balance between performance, compatibility with 5G standards, regulatory compliance, and practicality. This project aims to develop such an antenna, tailored to address these challenges and unlock the full potential of long-range 5G communication. In the field of printed antenna technology, as documented in [1]-[7], significant advancements have been made. [1] introduced a novel approach to using printed monopole antennas, demonstrating a compact design with wideband capabilities suitable for handheld mobile devices. [2] presented a CPW - fed planar printed monopole antenna with broadband circular polarization, achieving notable improvements in impedance bandwidth and axial ratio bandwidth. Similarly, [3] detailed a CPW-fed planar printed monopole antenna, incorporating specific design elements to achieve broadband circular polarization characteristics and expanded impedance and axial ratio bandwidths. [4] explored the integration of Split Ring Resonator (SRR) technology into a CPW-fed antenna, showcasing broadband performance across a wide frequency range. [5] focused on the design of a miniaturized super broadband printed antenna, featuring a compact structure and remarkable impedance bandwidth spanning from 1.9 GHz to above 100 GHz. Additionally,[6] discussed a broad- band microstrip-fed printed antenna, leveraging strip loading and slots for enhanced performance and minimal dispersion. Lastly, [7] described the development of a broadband patch antenna array tailored for Q-band applications, emphasizing cost-effectiveness and ease of integration with standard PCB technology.

Drawing inspiration from these diverse studies, this research aimed to push the boundaries of antenna design further. By synthesizing key aspects of these innovations, a compact CPW- fed broadband antenna optimized specifically for sub-6GHz frequencies in 5G communication networks is engineered. In the proposed antenna, a rectangular patch is fed by the CPW feedline, and both a vertical stub and a horizontal slit   are embedded on the ground-plane. This antenna is poised to deliver enhanced performance, efficiency, and adaptability in meeting the evolving demands of modern wireless communication systems.

II. PROPOSED ANTENNA DESIGN

The design of an antenna significantly influenced its performance. Various methodologies can be employed to design an antenna. This research focused on designing a CPW fed broadband monopole antenna using FR4 Epoxy Substrate, which has a dielectric constant of 4.4 and a height of 0.5mm, to resonate at approximately 5GHz. The antenna geometry is shown in Fig. 1 and dimensions for the same have been listed in Table 1.

IV. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Authors would like to acknowledge support of Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering at DJ Sanghvi College for providing the necessary facilities and resources to conduct the testing of the antenna. Their cooperation and assistance have been indispensable to the completion of this project.

Conclusion

This research was centered on designing a CPW-fed antenna engineered for 5G band operation at a frequency of 5GHz. The antenna’s production involved the utilization of the PCB Etching method, and its performance was evaluated through simulation using HFSS software. Results from the simulations revealed a bandwidth ranging from 4.5 to 5.6 GHz. The developed antenna boasts a compact size and demonstrated optimal performance, rendering it suitable for integration into forthcoming 5G mobile communication systems. Its compact form factor presents a significant ad- vantage, allowing for easy integration into devices such as smartphones, tablets, and wearables. Moreover, the antenna’s wide bandwidth makes it suitable for various applications, including wireless communication, mobile broadband, and Internet of Things (IoT) devices. The simulation results offer valuable insights into the antenna’s performance characteristics, including radiation pattern, impedance, and gain. This information can be utilized to refine the design and ensure that the antenna meets the desired performance specifications. HFSS software was employed for simulating the design, while the fabricated results provide information about the antenna’s performance characteristics, such as return loss. The PCB etching method was utilized for fabricating the antenna.

References

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Copyright

Copyright © 2024 Atharva Gandhi, Snehali Pandit, Saher Shaikh, Ankita Malhotra, Surendra Sutar, Prof. Amit Deshmukh. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.